Why Do Japanese People Display Kadomatsu for New Year?
Why Do Japanese People Display Kadomatsu for New Year?
During the New Year season in Japan, you may notice beautiful decorations made of pine and bamboo placed in front of homes and businesses. These are called kadomatsu, and they play a significant role in Japanese culture and traditions. Let’s explore their meaning and origins.
1. What Is a Kadomatsu?
A kadomatsu is a traditional Japanese New Year decoration made primarily of pine, bamboo, and sometimes plum branches. It is typically displayed in pairs at the entrance of homes or businesses from late December to early January.
Each element of the kadomatsu has symbolic meanings:
- Pine: Represents longevity and resilience due to its evergreen nature.
- Bamboo: Symbolizes strength and growth because of its rapid and upright growth.
- Plum: Signifies renewal and hope as it blooms in early spring.
2. Origins of the Kadomatsu
The custom of displaying kadomatsu dates back over a thousand years and has roots in Shinto, the indigenous religion of Japan. In Shinto belief, kadomatsu serve as a temporary dwelling place for the Toshigami, the deity of the New Year who brings prosperity and blessings for the coming year.
Historically, kadomatsu were made with materials readily available in nature, reflecting Japan’s deep connection to the environment and seasonal cycles.
3. The Role of Kadomatsu in Japanese New Year Traditions
In Japanese New Year celebrations, welcoming the Toshigami is an important ritual. The kadomatsu acts as a guidepost for the deity to locate and bless the household. Without a kadomatsu, it was believed that the Toshigami might pass by without stopping.
After January 7th (or the 15th in some regions), the kadomatsu is taken down and burned in a ceremony called dondoyaki. This ritual releases the Toshigami back to the heavens, ensuring their blessings continue throughout the year.
4. Modern Kadomatsu and Global Appeal
Today, kadomatsu are not only seen in traditional settings but also in modern variations that fit urban lifestyles. Smaller, decorative versions are sold in stores and used as interior decorations, allowing more people to enjoy this custom.
For foreign visitors, kadomatsu offers a glimpse into Japan’s rich cultural heritage and its harmonious relationship with nature and spirituality. Many tourists purchase mini kadomatsu as souvenirs to bring a touch of Japanese tradition into their homes.